Aunt Jemima was not a real person, but the original face of the brand was Nancy Green, a formerly enslaved Black woman. hide caption. "My mother and grandmother cooked and cleaned in white homes," she said. "Pancake Flap: 'Aunt Jemima' Heirs Seek Dough." hide caption, May 16, 2022 Data from a new sensor network shows the highest rates of pollution in Little Village, Austin, Englewood, Irving Park and other neighborhoods. She enjoyed a kind of social and economic mobility unavailable to Black women of her time, according to reporting by public radio station WBEZ Chicago earlier this month. Lawyers on the other side denied the lawsuit had any merit. When free she created this product and named it herself under contract with General Mills. A former slave, Nancy Green, became the first face of the pancake products in 1890. "No time ever have I heard anyone in my community say that this image was one that was derogatory. Fact check:Barack Obama mentioned Juneteenth multiple times while president. Pearl Milling Company was a small mill in the bustling town of St. Joseph, Missouri. At the time of her death, she was living with her great-nephew and his wife. [9], At the age of 59, Green made her debut as Aunt Jemima at the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition held in Chicago, beside the "world's largest flour barrel" (24 feet high), where she operated a pancake-cooking display, sang songs, and told romanticized stories about the Old South (claiming it was a happy place for blacks and whites alike). An Aunt Jemima ad featuring Nancy Green, the original Aunt Jemima, that was in the New York Tribune, Nov. 7, 1909. Several obituaries, including one Williams found in the Sunday Morning Star, claim it was Green who originally came up with the pancake recipe that would go on to be sold as the Aunt Jemima mix. Furthermore, the suit claimed "theft in procuring 64 original formulas and 22 menus from Harrington." June 2, 2022 WBEZ found that fundraising by CPS schools has skyrocketed since 2010. In 1989, Quaker Oats decided it was time to update Jemima's image. [6][16], She used her stature as a spokesperson to advocate against poverty and in favor of equal rights for individuals in Chicago. . Theuser who shared the screenshoton Facebook declined to respond to USA TODAY's request for comment and clarification. The Aunt Jemima Pancake Mix was introduced in St. Joseph, MO. One of America's 'hidden figures,' Nancy Green, lies in this unmarked grave in Chicago's Oak Woods cemetery. However on social media, many expressed outrage overthe perceived erasure of the legacy of the women who have served as the brand's models. Once she arrived in that industrial city of frigid . "When I found out about it, to be honest, I was shocked, and excited at the same time. And one Chicago historian worries that removing the Aunt Jemima image could erase Green's legacy and the legacies of many Black women who worked as caretakers and cooks for both white families and their own. Any other use, in particular any reproduction, communication to the public or distribution of the content of this website, in whole or in part, for any other purpose and/or by any other means, without a specific licence agreement signed with AFP, is strictly prohibited. Although she was known at the World's Fair as Aunt Jemima, Mrs. Green was also known for being one of the first African-American missionaries, and for being one of the organizers of the Olivet Baptist Church in Chicago. Pritzker needs to let him out of prison, U.S. Rep. Mary Miller defeats fellow incumbent Rodney Davis, Antioch Missionary Baptist Church vows to rebuild after fire, North of Chicago, a contaminated landfill will be reused for solar energy. Green was a middle-aged woman living on the South Side of Chicago, working as a cook and housekeeper for a. Green would make appearances at. One of my cousins, she would dress up in the same type of clothing that my Aunt Lillian had she would get up and tell the story to those that attended the ceremony that did not know, Vera Harris, a descendent of Richard's, said. Back in the late 19th century, Aunt Jemima was a popular minstrel show character. Williams, who worked to locate the probable location of Greens remains, has been raising money to buy a headstone. [1] The Aunt Jemima pancake mix was developed in 1889 by Chris Rutt and Charles Underwood, who sold their company to R.T. Davis, according to the companys website. While Nancy Green was the face of the Aunt Jemima brand for several decades and contributed to its popularity until her death in 1923, she did not die a millionaire. [6][7][18][19][20] "Clinging to Mammy The Faithful Slave in Twentieth-Century America." Nancy Green was born into slavery on November 17th, 1834 in. A pamphlet detailing the "life" of Aunt Jemima, which portrayed her as a "happy" slave with a "secret recipe" working at a plantation owned by Colonel Higbee of Louisiana, was also created for the 1893 World's Fair, and laid the foundation for future advertisements to build on the Aunt Jemima myth. "In Black communities, we visit our grave sites. hide caption, June 29, 2022 Congresswoman Mary Miller handily defeats fellow incumbent Rodney Davis in downstate Illinois' 15th congressional district. She was one of the founding members of Olivet Baptist Church, the oldest active Black Baptist church in Chicago. She was a magnificent cook. Katherine Nagasawa/WBEZ To put it simply, aunt and uncle were Southern terms that were commonly used among enslaved men and women. "We've all wondered about our ancestors and wanted to know where we came from," he said. There's just one problem with that argument. The Yeoman Creek Landfill, a Superfund site in Waukegan north of Chicago, will eventually be the site for 20,000 solar energy panels. The product originally carried the name "self-rising pancake flour," but Rutt was inspired to change the name of the mix after he attended a minstrel show and saw men dressed in blackface perform a song entitled "Old Aunt Jemima.". Eventually she moved to Chicago where through the years she perfected her cooking talents. Copyright AFP 2017-2023. This likeness is what you saw on all Aunt Jemima-related products from 1989 until June 2021 when the brand was overhauled as the "Pearl Milling Company" in reaction to people who considered the former name racist: Enter a man named Dannez W. Hunter, Anna Short Harrington's great-grandson. "I mean who else has experienced slavery and then walked through all of the experiences of America, Jim Crow, segregation, lynching, Williams said. hide caption. Now he's seeking clemency so he can continue his education. [7] On the other hand, they have long contended that the family has never been properly compensated for that usage. In his rule, U.S. District Judge Edmond E. Chang said: "Plaintiffs do not allege that they are authorized to act as executors or administrators of Harrington's estate, or even that such an estate exists (or ever existed). The famous Aunt Jemima recipe was not her recipe, but she became the advertising world's first living trademark. Aunt Jemima has been a present image identifiable by popular culture for well over a century, dating back to Nancy Green's appearance at the 1893 World Fair in Chicago, Illinois. However, there is no evidence to suggest Green ever saw any of that revenue, said Patricia A. Turner, professor of African American studies at the University of California, Los Angeles, in a comment to the Associated Press. 17 June 2020. The only information about Plaintiffs' connection to Harrington provided by the amended complaint is an account of how Hunter received a photograph (now lost) of Harrington from his grandmother and of Plaintiffs' attempt to locate Harrington's grave in Syracuse, New York.". As Quaker Oats retires the Aunt Jemima name from its pancake products, Williams hopes it won't be forgotten. The headstone will officially be placed over Green's grave on Sept. 5 after she laid in anonymity for nearly a century. Harvard University Press. The Welcome to Hawkins sign depicts the Texas town as 'pancake capital' of the state. Aunt Jemima, a minstrel-type variety radio program, was broadcast January 17, 1929 - June 5, 1953, at times on CBS and at other times on the Blue Network. Today's news probably dealt the final blow to the family's hopes of ever receiving compensation. But for all those years, ads by Quaker Oats for Aunt Jemima never mentioned Green. Manring said that such stories are often the result of Aunt Jemima pamphlet ads that featured stories of the fictional character, who was eventually conflated with Green. Her arrival was heralded by large billboards featuring the caption, "I's in town, honey. Advertisement. All rights reserved. I was, I was taken aback. Aunt Jemima (1889-2021), now known as Pearl Milling Company, is a manufacturer of breakfast products such as pancake mixes and syrups. The cemetery has a policy that the grave plot property owner or a living descendant has to give permission for any gravestone or marker. She was a magnificent cook. The damages were calculated as $2 billion in cash and $1 billion in Pepsi stock. Based on these industry standards, plus penalties and late fees, he sought $3 billion in damages from Quaker Oats and parent company PepsiCo. But these dolls, like most of the fictional lore surrounding Aunt Jemima, did not accurately reflect reality. Davis began looking for a Black woman to employ as a living trademark for his product, and he found Nancy Green in Chicago. hide caption. Ive seen a lot of that in the last couple of weeks, where people say that Nancy Green invented the Aunt Jemima pancake mix and thats not true, Manring told AFP. At the time of Green's death, she had already lost her children and husband, and was living with her great nephew and his wife, Williams said. Posts shared on Facebook and Twitter argue against the removal of the smiling black figure from Aunt Jemimas packaging, claiming that to do so would be to erase her wishes and legacy.. She was 59 years old. An African American woman, pretending to be a slave, was pivotal to the trademark's commercial achievement in 1893. Aunt Jemima was priceless then, but her true worth was not known until the war came on. Fact check:Ghana is not offering money, land to lure Black Americans. This image of supposed Southern hospitality inspired the hopeful entrepreneur. AFP and its logo are registered trademarks. She was born a slave in 1834 Montgomery County, KY and became a wealthy superstar in the advertising world, as its first living trademark. In their report, USA TODAY deems this claim as FALSE that Nancy Green created Aunt Jemima pancakes and became the first black millionaire in America since they have no evidence to support the claim. Former enslaved woman Nancy Green, who worked as a cook on the South Side, was hired to wear an apron and headscarf while serving . The Salina Daily-Republican Journal/ [1], Nancy Hayes (or Hughes) was born enslaved on March 4, 1834. She appeared at fairs, festivals, flea markets, food shows, and local grocery stores. Host: Melba Lara; Reporter: Mara Ins Zamudio, Courtesy of Johnny Pippins and Fortepan Iowa/WBEZ Chicago, admitted this week is "based on a racial stereotype", oldest active Black Baptist church in Chicago, a tradition called grave 'Decoration Day,', To get his Ph.D., Gov. 1 person I want to put a marker down for is Nancy Green.". We don't know what it could be called as long as she is somewhere in the mix. The partners eventually sold their company and the recipe to R.T. Davis, owner of R.T. Davis Milling Co., the largest flour millin Buchanan County, Missouri. Montgomery County Historical Society oral history places her birth at a farm on Somerset Creek, six miles outside Mount Sterling in Montgomery County, Kentucky. Williams said she grew up seeing the Aunt Jemima trademark in many of its iterations, but she didn't learn about Green until she started working as a community historian in the Bronzeville area. Therefore, we've rated this rumor false. "Nancy Green,(aka Aunt Jemima) was born into slavery. She was born a slave in 1834 Montgomery County, KY and became a wealthy . The original "Aunt Jemima," Nancy Green, is buried in an unmarked grave in Chicago's Oak Woods Cemetery. McElya, Micki. Quaker Oats is releasing a new name and logo for its "Aunt Jemima" products, finally retiring the racist stereotype that has adorned its pancake mixes and . Theres no contemporaneous evidence that she was rich. After learning more about Green's life, Williams said she became determined to find Green's grave and honor her with a headstone. "That has always been the Black woman.". Bruce Wayne Net Worth, Biography, Wiki, Career (Updated), Allen Parr Net Worth, Biography, Wiki (Updated), 19 Things You Didnt Know Billionaires Were Ruining, Minecraft Net Worth 2023; Founder, History, Stats (Updated), Michel Le Net Worth 2023; Biography, Wiki, Career (Updated), Wall Street Trapper Net Worth, Biography, Wiki (Updated). June 2, 2022 The landfill in Waukegan will soon be home to 20,000 solar panels, part of a trend to reuse Superfund cleanup sites. Manuel Martinez/WBEZ Chicago Nancy would conduct pancake seminars at fairs and travel to towns across America to spread the word about the pancake mix. "[14] "Nancy Green, (aka Aunt Jemima) was born into slavery. "That is absolutely the irony, that she is playing a role: a derogatory type and caricature of Black women," she said. She was a Black storyteller and one of the first black corporate models in the United States. Born on a slave plantation in Montgomery County, Kentucky, Green had the lively personality and cooking skills Davis sought. Nancy Green is likely buried in an unmarked plot in the northeastern corner of Oak Woods Cemetery in Chicago's Woodlawn neighborhood. She was recruited by the R.T. Davis Milling Company, who bought the Aunt Jemima formula and brand, when she was . We respect the women who have contributed to our brand story and will approach our rebranding with their heritage in mind.". She was a magnificent cook. In this June 27, 2020, file photo, Aunt Jemima products have been pulled from supermarket shelves. She died 97 years ago. Nancy Green was one of the first Black corporate storytellers in the U.S. Nancy didn't come up with the Aunt Jemima recipe, but she became the first living trademark in the advertising. WikiCommons/ In 1875 a song from one such minstrel show titled "Old Aunt Jemima" was recorded by an African American songwriter named Billy Kersands. Nancy Green and Aunt Jemima Nancy Green was born into slavery in Montgomery County, Kentucky, on November 17, 1834. "Outside of that, there are not many news sources that would have contributed greatly to the narrative of her life and her work.". subscribe to our print edition, ad-free app or electronic newspaper replica here. Manuel Martinez/WBEZ Chicago "That is absolutely the irony, that she is playing a role: a derogatory type and caricature of Black women," saidRomi Crawford, who teaches African American visual imagery at the School of the Art Institute of Chicago, in an interview with WBEZ Chicago. Mammy: A Century of Race, Gender, and Southern Memory, Clinging to Mammy: The Faithful Slave in Twentieth-Century America. She died in 1923 as one of Americas first black millionaires, Patricia Dickson wrote in tweetthat has been shared acrossFacebook. The first "Aunt Jemima" debuted at Chicago's World's Fair in 1893. "Black mothers are not irrelevant," said Bronzeville Historical Society President Sherry Williams. The "before" set included six paper dolls without shoes and dressed in shabby clothing, while the "after" set included a set of "fancy" clothes. It's worth noting that in 2014, PepsiCo got hit with a $3 billion lawsuit by the great grandsons of Anna S. Harrington, another Black woman who portrayed Aunt Jemima in 1935. Anna was hired on the spot as the company's new full time real-life Aunt Jemima and within months an ad featuring Anna appeared in the magazine Woman's Home Companion. "I do understand the sensitivity of the name and the brand," Hayes said of Quaker Oats' decision. The Fight To Commemorate Nancy Green, The Woman Who Played The Original 'Aunt Jemima' June 19, 2020 Katherine Nagasawa From Sherry Williams has spent 15 years researching Nancy Green's. [2] Green was born a slave in Kentucky,. Liven Family Net Worth 2022 How Rich is the Family? hide caption. June 3, 2022 Antioch Missionary Baptist Church is using a funeral home for weekly services as it makes plans to rise from the ashes. Nancy Green (November 17, 1834 - August 30, 1923) was a storyteller, cook, activist, and the first of several African-American models hired to promote a corporate trademark as "Aunt Jemima" # . [7][10][13] And worst of all, the lawsuit claimed the company dissuaded their great-grandmother from seeking legal help to protect her rights in the trademark registration, taking advantage of her lack of education and age so they would not have to per her a percentage of sales from her recipes. The exact net worth of Aunt Jemima is not known. "And educate [consumers] about Nancy Green herself, whose likeness was used for this package.". A semi truck drives down 31st Street in Chicago's Little Village neighborhood on Wednesday, May 4, 2022. Students at Lenart Elementary Regional Gifted Center on the South Side in May participated in the school's annual fundraising walk-a-thon. Green, a former slave who moved to Chicago to work as a caretaker for a prominent white family, was hired to portray a living version of the character at the 1893 World's Fair, according to her obituaries. When she was freed she rolled her talent into a cooking brand that (General Mills) bought & used her likeness. "There's no other segment in society who did everything to take care of everybody," she said. In 1890, a woman by the name of Nancy Green - a slave born in 1834 - was portrayed on a bottle of syrup and given the name "Aunt Jemima.". Quaker Oats reportedly told Hunter that there were no employment records for Harrington or any proof that she was used as the basis for Aunt Jemima. We rate the claim that Nancy Green, the first model for the Aunt Jemima pancake brand, was the initial creator and went on to became one of America's first Black millionairesas FALSE because it is not supported by our research. In his lawsuit, Dannez W. Hunter's legal teams cited the standard royalty and residual policies that have been used in Screen Actors Guild (SAG) agreements for decades. Like we said, mixed feelings. Nancy would conduct pancake seminars at fairs and travel to towns across. Under the grass it is barely noticeable: an unmarked grave covering one of Americas "Hidden Figures" for nearly a century. The claim: Nancy Green, the face of Aunt Jemima, initially created the pancake brand and later became one of America's first Black millionaires In a move to do away with a problematic past,. In 1893, Green was hired by the R.T. Davis Milling Company in St. Joseph, Missouri. Green was chosen in a casting call to represent Aunt Jemima, and profits went to the brand's owners, R.T. Davis then Quaker Oats. They hired Nancy Green, a Black woman who looked quite a bit like the character of Aunt Jemima, to be the brand's new spokesperson. In June, PepsiCo, Quaker Oats parent company, announced that the Aunt Jemima brand would be phased out by the end of September. In 2015, a judge tossed out a $3 billion lawsuit from two men claiming to be heirs of Anna Short Harrington, the Black woman whose likeness is portrayed on the soon-to-be-phased-out Aunt Jemima . Sterling, KY, moved to Chicago after the Civil War, where she went on to become one of the first African American models employed by an American company to promote a product. She was one of Brown County's most noted but least known natives. Sat, Feb 25, 2023 LOGIN Subscribe for $1 Green lived in the neighborhood that is known today as Bronzeville. The lawsuit was later dismissed after a judge ruled that the plaintiffs did not provide proof that they were related to the women who portrayed Aunt Jemima: Now, a lawsuit claims that Green's heirs as well as the descendants of other black women who appeared as Aunt Jemima deserve $2 billion and a share of future revenue from sales of the popular brand. While wandering the streets of St. Joseph, Missouri, Rutthappened upon a performance of "Old Aunt Jemima,"a popular minstrel song written by Black musician Billy Kersands in 1875. All of the available evidence, such as it is, would suggest that she was almost certainly not conspicuously wealthy. . "I think for me, it gives me the courage. Copyright AFP 2017-2023. She was a true American success story. TruthOrFiction.com, "Is Original 'Aunt Jemima' Nancy Green Being 'Erased' by Political Correctness?", June 18, 2020 DenverArtMatters.com, "Sally Stockhold's 3-lens Circus," March 30, 2013 The concept of "Aunt Jemima" dates back nearly 150 years, decades before the syrup or pancake mix existed. Chicagoans living near heavy-traffic corridors breathe the most polluted air. [1][17], Green died on August 30, 1923, at the age of 89 in Chicago, when a car collided with a laundry truck and "hurtled" onto the sidewalk where she was standing. hide caption. Nancy Green's descendant, Marcus Hayes, talks to ABC News about the legacy of his ancestor. Louis Public Radio Williams and Hunt are planning a plaque at Olivet Baptist Church as well-- with more honors to come. Who Are the Richest Soccer Players and What is Their Net Worth? That was the test, and she stood it and proved herself the same faithful slave she had always been. ABC News Williams and Hunt are planning a plaque at Olivet Baptist Church as well-- with more honors to come. Harris added, "I believe that some people may have thought that those faces were not real.". ABC-CLIO. News reports said that Green was such a crowd pleaser that a special policeman was hired to keep the lines moving. While Rutt and Underwood developed this self-rising mix and contributed the "Aunt Jemima" name, they were unable to turn their product into a commercial success. She refused to cross the ocean for the 1900 Paris exhibition. The heirs contend that the original Aunt Jemimas sort of the . hide caption. When she was freed she rolled her talent into a cooking brand that (General Mills) bought & used her likeness. She was recruited by the R.T. Davis Milling Company, who bought the Aunt Jemima formula and brand . With each passing day, Nancy Green Aunt Jemima overall profits continue to rise, and he is becoming more popular on the sidelines. The famous Aunt Jemima recipe was not her recipe but she became the advertising world's first living trademark. The Chicago woman originally portrayed the Aunt Jemima trademark, and efforts are being made to preserve her legacy as Quaker Oats removes the Aunt Jemima name and image from their popular pancake products. In "Mammy: A Century of Race, Gender, and Southern Memory," author Kimberly Wallace-Sanders writes: At one point the most reliable means of consolidating the country involved inducing a kind of national amnesia about the history of slavery. Aunt Jemima has been criticized as an image harkening back to slavery. None of her obituaries mention anything regarding her wealth. Nancy Green was born a slave in Montgomery County, Kentucky. Green's personification of Aunt Jemima and the character's mythology built by advertising executives, earned Davis, and later Quaker Oats, a great dealof profit. This marked the beginning of a major promotional push by the company that included thousands of personal appearances and Aunt Jemima merchandising. [6][10] Over the next 33 years, from 1890 until her death in 1923, the real life Nancy Green worked as "Aunt Jemima". "Instead of spending the money on new packaging, put some narrative about the role of Black women in taking care and feeding this nation from enslavement to now," she said. Sometime during her late teens, early twenties Nancy obtained her freedom and began work in. We have picnics at grave sites. Nancy Green (March 4, 1834 - August 30, 1923) was an American former enslaved woman and one of the first African-American models hired to promote a corporate trademark as "Aunt Jemima". In "Clinging to Mammy: The Faithful Slave in Twentieth-Century America," Micki McElya writes that in 1900, Green listed her occupation as a "cook." After a series of auditions, she was hired to cook and serve the new pancake recipe at the World's Fair. After merging his company with the Pearl Milling Co. in 1890, Davis sent a casting call for a gregarious, theatricalBlack woman who could cook the pancake mix at big demonstrations. Do Not Sell or Share My Personal Information. Walker. But, rather than finding a different way to continue the legacy of the women who depicted Aunt Jemima as the breakfast champion for over a century, she is erased. The song features a mammy, a racialstereotype of the Black female caretaker figure devoted to her white family. My grandmother was a mere five years old in 1923 and that being the case, she had not yet left Memphis for Chicago, and when she did leave, she migrated alone, leaving her siblings behind. Nancy Green's Family Says Quaker Oats Owes Them $2 Billion For Aunt Jemima. Brian Rich/Chicago Sun-Times She had at least two and as many as four children (one of whom was born in 1862) with George Green. [6][10][14] There were no birth certificates or marriage licenses for enslaved people. After the fair, Green was offered a lifetime contract with the pancake company and traveled the country on promotional tours until she died at the age of 89 after being hit by a car while walking on 46th Street. Aunt Jemima's "freedom" was negated, or revoked, in this role because of the character's persona as a plantation slave, not a free black woman employed as a domestic. The second problem is the fact that the company just happened to hire Harrington's daughter Olivia to be the model for the current Jemima. "They had no distribution network and little concept of the need to advertise a new product," Manring wrote. But finding a living descendant of Green is no easy task. July 18, 2022 Johnny Pippins has already completed a master's degree while in prison for murder. She also served the family's next generation, again as a nanny and a cook. [22][23], In 2014, a lawsuit was filed against Quaker Oats, PepsiCo, and others, claiming that Green and Anna Short Harrington (who portrayed Aunt Jemima starting in 1935) were exploited by the company and cheated out of the monetary compensation they were promised. Katherine Nagasawa is WBEZ's audience engagement producer. Today's news probably brings mixed feelings to the relatives of the real-life Aunt Jemima. In 18881889, the Pearl Milling Company developed the original pancake mix, which was marketed as the first ready-mixed food. Old Aunt Jemima is where the name of the brand came from, though. It was actually two white guys, Chris L. Rutt and Charles Underwood, who came up . This material may not be reproduced without permission. The rumor that Green died a millionaire is, like much of the folklore surrounding Aunt Jemima, not supported by historical evidence. Turn on desktop notifications for breaking stories about interest? While the world has known and loved her as Aunt Jemima, her given name was Nancy Green. (Worth noting: The Aunt Jemima website neglects to mention this part of Nancy Green's biography.) Saturday Evening Post/ She was later hired to play the role for the pancake company until her death. The subject matter depicted or included via links within the Fact Checking content is provided to the extent necessary for correct understanding of the verification of the information concerned. While these stories were presented as if they were the genuine memories of Aunt Jemima, Green was, of course, just playing a fictional character. In 1893, Nancy Green, a former slave from Kentucky, became the first woman to portray Aunt Jemima at the World's Fair in Chicago ( www.auntjemima.com/our-history ), where "she sang songs,. Williams said she became fascinated with Green and pored over newspapers to find clues about Green's life in Chicago. Its pancake products, Williams hopes it wo n't be forgotten relatives of the brand came,. Their Net Worth 2022 How Rich is the family 's next generation, again as a living.... And excited at the world 's Fair are planning a plaque at Olivet Baptist Church, the claimed! Green is likely buried in an unmarked plot in the bustling town St.... For breaking stories about interest available evidence, such as it is would... 64 original formulas and 22 menus from Harrington. and uncle were Southern terms were... A small mill in the neighborhood that is known today as Bronzeville supermarket shelves subscribe for 1... 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